{"id":119871,"date":"2020-07-23T11:00:32","date_gmt":"2020-07-23T10:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/?p=119871"},"modified":"2023-03-14T05:25:22","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T05:25:22","slug":"what-is-mentalisation-based-therapy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-mentalisation-based-therapy.htm","title":{"rendered":"What is Mentalisation-Based Therapy?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_119880\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/31850894154_6b6a20bbed-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-119880\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-119880\" src=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/31850894154_6b6a20bbed-1-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"mentalisation-based therapy\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/31850894154_6b6a20bbed-1-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/31850894154_6b6a20bbed-1.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-119880\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">By: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/byzantiumbooks\/31850894154\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\" \">Bill Smith<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Often second guess yourself? Spend a lot of time <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/worry-and-anxiety-difference.htm\">worrying<\/a> what people think about you, or if they like you at all? Or sometimes get accused of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/are-you-overreacting-how-to-tell.htm\">overreacting<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/rumination-anxiety.htm\">overthinking<\/a> things? Mentalisation-based therapy might be for you.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">What is mentalisation-based therapy?\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Mentalisation-based therapy is a psychotherapy focussed on helping you have clearer and more correct thoughts about yourself and others. The idea is that if you improve your thinking, you will gain control over problematic behaviours and make better choices, meaning your relationships improve\u00a0 and you feel better.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>A medium to long-term therapy<\/strong>, mentalisation-based treatment, or &#8216;MBT&#8217;, is often offered in a mix of individual and group sessions, or can be used as a form of family therapy .<\/p>\n<h3>And what is &#8216;mentalising&#8217;, anyway?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Peter Fonagy, the psychoanalyst who made a therapy out of the concept,<\/strong> describes mentalising as, <span style=\"color: #333333;\">&#8220;The process by which we make sense of each other and ourselves, implicitly and explicitly, in terms of subjective states and mental processes.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\" style=\"color: #800080;\">An easier way to see it is as, &#8216;thinking about thinking&#8217;. We all do this when we ask ourselves, &#8220;What do I think about this?&#8217;. &#8220;What do they think about me?&#8221;. It&#8217;s powerful stuff, because we base our<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/examples-of-core-beliefs.htm\"> beliefs<\/a>, choices, and actions on the answers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_119883\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/1386531481_6dad6ddad1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-119883\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-119883\" src=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/1386531481_6dad6ddad1-400x266.jpg\" alt=\"mentalisation based therapy\" width=\"400\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/1386531481_6dad6ddad1-400x266.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/1386531481_6dad6ddad1.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/1386531481_6dad6ddad1-180x120.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-119883\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">By: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/12294968@N05\/1386531481\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\" \">brittany<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><span style=\"color: #333333;\"><strong>We are all occasionally bad at mentalising. A classic example is <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/i-want-to-fall-in-love-how-to.htm\">being in love<\/a>. We wear the proverbial &#8216;rose coloured glasses&#8217;, and we make big <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/assumptions-in-relationships.htm\">assumptions<\/a> about ourselves and the object of our affection.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Some of us, due to the ways we were raised or things we experienced, are actually never good at &#8216;mentalising&#8217;,<\/strong>\u00a0 particularly when it comes to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/signs-of-an-unhealthy-relationship.htm\">relationships<\/a>. We might think we are good at it, but we actually have minds that:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>assume the worst<\/li>\n<li>go in circles<\/li>\n<li>panic and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-impulsivity.htm\">make impulsive decisions<\/a><\/li>\n<li>that upset others and leaves us feeling <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/7-surprising-reasons-feeling-lonely.htm\">lonely<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/how-to-handle-rejection.htm\">rejected<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>An example of good vs bad mentalising<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Let&#8217;s take the classic &#8216;he didn&#8217;t call when he said he would&#8217;<\/strong>\u00a0scenario.<\/p>\n<p><strong>If you are good at mentalising, you might think<\/strong> that his phone battery ran out, or that he has a perfectly good reason you&#8217;ll wait to hear about. You are sure you like him, so there is no use getting upset just yet. You feel fine, and take no major action but to wait a few more hours and see.<\/p>\n<p><strong>If you are bad at mentalising, you will assume that<\/strong> he must not like you, he&#8217;s trying to avoid you, maybe he&#8217;s even out with someone else and is going to<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/getting-over-a-breakup.htm\"> break up with you<\/a>. Then you start to<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/relationship-doubts.htm\"> doubt<\/a> your own thoughts. Do you even like him as much as you thought? Do you want to be in a relationship? You suddenly feel <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/feeling-of-fear.htm\">terrified<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/anger-issues-signs.htm\">angry<\/a>. And impulsively leave a text you think it&#8217;s time to put the brakes on.<\/p>\n<h3>Why am I no good at mentalising?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Again, it&#8217;s connected to childhood. <\/strong>Fonagy explains that,<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">&#8220;When we are infants, we exist in a state of physical arousal, and learn how to think from our caregivers.&#8221; If<span class=\"s1\"> our parent or caregiver can\u2019t effectively \u2018mirror\u2019 how we feel, we don\u2019t learn to organise our own feelings.<\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_119881\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-119881\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-119881\" src=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/475764378_b44c2d29c8-1-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"mentalisation-based therapy\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/475764378_b44c2d29c8-1-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/475764378_b44c2d29c8-1.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-119881\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">By: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/jeremylmack\/475764378\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\" \">Jeremy Mack<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"s1\"><strong>For example, if we are anxious as an infant, our mother sees we are anxious. If she mirrors back a<\/strong> similar <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/signs-of-anxiety-disorder.htm\">level of anxiety<\/a>, we can organise in our mind what it is. But if she reflects back disinterest, we might learn to ignore our own worries. And if she reflects back terror at our mild anxiety, we might learn to overreact to any anxiety we have and carry that pattern into adults, so that we are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/how-to-listen-to-yourself.htm\">out of touch with our own feelings<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>And then <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-childhood-trauma.htm\">childhood trauma<\/a> can interrupt our mentalising.<\/strong> If we are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/i-think-i-was-abused-as-a-child.htm\">abused<\/a>, or threatened with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/abandonment-issues.htm\">abandonment<\/a>, we might no learn we can&#8217;t trust anything, including our own thoughts and feelings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Our ability to mentalise can be further eroded if we are in a family that isn&#8217;t concerned with<\/strong> how we think and feel. A healthy family, on the other hand, helps a child be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-resilience.htm\">resilient<\/a> by caring about their beliefs, desires, and needs.<\/p>\n<h3>MBT and borderline personality disorder<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Mentalisation-based treatment was originally developed to treat<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/borderline-personality-disorder-treatment-therapy.htm\">borderline personality disorder (BPD)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>If you suffer from BPD, you often have<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/black-and-white-thinking-stop-drama-addict.htm\">dramatic thinking<\/a> centred on black and white thoughts. You assume your thoughts are real, particularly when they are around whether people might reject or abandon you. And you then have extreme, out-of-control emotions to match, leading to impulsive decisions or saying harmful things to those you love.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"s1\" style=\"color: #333399;\">An<a style=\"color: #333399;\" href=\"https:\/\/bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/papt.12194\"> overview of research studies<\/a> around BPD and mentalisation-based therapy found that MBT reduced BPD-specific symptoms like interpersonal issues and suicidal behaviour, as well as helped with the depression and anxiety many BPD sufferers also deal with.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>What other issues can MBT treatment help with?<\/h3>\n<p>As well as borderline personality disorder, mentalisation-based therapy is thought helpful for the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/anger-and-personality-disorders.htm\"><span class=\"s1\">anger issues <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/anorexia-case-study.htm\">anorexia nervosa<\/a> and<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/the-new-eating-disorders.htm\"> other eating disorders <\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/attachment-theory-bowlby.htm\"><span class=\"s1\">attachment disorders <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/depression-symptoms.htm\"><span class=\"s1\">depression <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-emotional-dsyregulation.htm\"><span class=\"s1\">emotional dysregulation<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">other<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/a-personality-disorder-diagnosis-helpful-or-a-trap.htm\"> personality disorders<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-psychological-trauma.htm\"><span class=\"s1\">trauma<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/trusting-others-hard.htm\"><span class=\"s1\">trust issues <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/emotional-intensity-relationships.htm\"><span class=\"s1\">relationship problems <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">self-harm <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/party-drugs-depression.htm\">substance abuse<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">What is a mentalisation-based therapy session like?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Your first few sessions are an assessment.<\/strong> Your therapist aims to understand what bought you to therapy, and what you hope to gain from it. What difficulties are you currently facing? How might they have originated, what past experiences might have been involved, and what might keep triggering them?<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><strong>From there your sessions will involve helping you with your present day struggle<\/strong>s and relationships. This can mean asking questions like:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/how-to-listen-to-yourself.htm\"> What have you been thinking and feeling<\/a>? <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">Are your thoughts correct and real, or are they<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/making-assumptions.htm\"> assumptions<\/a>? <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">How have those thoughts influenced your choices or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/relationship-conflict-still-fighting.htm\">caused conflict<\/a>?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/balanced-thinking-benefits.htm\">What thought might have been true instead<\/a>?<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/understanding-people.htm\">What might those around you be thinking<\/a>?\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">How could you better understand their<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-perspective.htm\"> perspective<\/a>?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">The goals of MBT treatment\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Is mentalisation-based therapy for you? If the following benefits sounds like what you are wanting, it might be:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/how-to-overcome-loneliness.htm\">stop feeling so lonely<\/a> and different <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">have more control of your emotions and behaviours<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/nobody-understands-me.htm\">understand yourself<\/a> and others <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/trusting-others-hard.htm\">feel more able to trust<\/a> yourself and others <\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">recognise when you are<a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/making-assumptions.htm\"> making assumptions\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">understand <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/goal-setting-in-therapy.htm\">what life goals are<\/a> for you and how to reach them<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\">improve your relationships and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/get-closer-intimacy-issues.htm\">be better at intimacy<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Ready to work with a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/mentalisation-based-therapy.htm\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">mentalisation-based therapist<\/span><\/a>? We put you in touch with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/therapists.htm\">top London psychotherapists<\/a>, hand-selected for their experience and training. Or use our <a href=\"https:\/\/harleytherapy.com\/?utm_source=Harley%20Therapy%20Blog&amp;utm_content=Mid%20Post\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">booking platform<\/span><\/a> to find a MBT therapist across the UK or <a href=\"https:\/\/harleytherapy.com\/?utm_source=Harley%20Therapy%20Blog&amp;utm_content=Post%20End\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">available internationally by online<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>Still have a question about what is mentalisation-based therapy? Ask below in the comment box.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Often second guess yourself? Spend a lot of time worrying what people think about you, or if they like you at all? Or sometimes get accused of overreacting or overthinking things? Mentalisation-based therapy might be for you.\u00a0 What is mentalisation-based therapy?\u00a0 Mentalisation-based therapy is a psychotherapy focussed on helping you have clearer and more correct [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":119880,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"yes","_lmt_disable":"no","footnotes":""},"categories":[398],"tags":[212,326],"class_list":["post-119871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-types-of-therapy","tag-borderline-personality-disorder","tag-types-of-therapy","has_thumb"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.0) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is Mentalisation-Based Therapy? - Harley Therapy\u2122 Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is mentalisation-based therapy? 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Darcy\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-mentalisation-based-therapy.htm\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-mentalisation-based-therapy.htm\",\"name\":\"What is Mentalisation-Based Therapy? - Harley Therapy\u2122 Blog\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-mentalisation-based-therapy.htm#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/what-is-mentalisation-based-therapy.htm#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.harleytherapy.co.uk\/counselling\/wp-content\/uploads\/31850894154_6b6a20bbed-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-07-23T10:00:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-14T05:25:22+00:00\",\"description\":\"What is mentalisation-based therapy? 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Darcy","author_link":"#"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Often second guess yourself? Spend a lot of time worrying what people think about you, or if they like you at all? Or sometimes get accused of overreacting or overthinking things? 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